The Ghent Altarpiece (Adoration of the Mystic Lamb)
Few works of art have been as coveted, stolen, dismantled, and fought over as the Ghent Altarpiece. Completed in 1432 by the Van Eyck brothers — Hubert who conceived it, Jan who finished it — this monumental polyptych in Saint Bavo's Cathedral is often called the first great oil painting in European history. Its twelve panels unfold to reveal a luminous vision of heavenly redemption: God enthroned in crimson robes, singing angels in brocade, and at the centre of it all, the Mystic Lamb on a verdant altar, blood streaming into a golden chalice. The detail is hallucinatory — every jewel, every blade of grass, every thread of fabric rendered with a precision that wouldn't be matched for centuries.
The altarpiece has survived the Reformation, Napoleon, two World Wars, and a still-unsolved 1934 theft of one panel (the Just Judges, replaced by a copy). Hitler coveted it; the Monuments Men rescued it from a salt mine. A recent restoration, completed in 2024, stripped away centuries of overpainting to reveal colours so vivid they seem to pulse with life. To stand before it in the dim cathedral light is to understand that art, at its highest, is an act of almost supernatural devotion.